The Mediterranean Air War: Airpower and Allied Victory in World War II (Modern War Studies (Hardcover)), by Robert S. Jr. Ehlers
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The Mediterranean Air War: Airpower and Allied Victory in World War II (Modern War Studies (Hardcover)), by Robert S. Jr. Ehlers
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Without what the Allies learned in the Mediterranean air war in 1942–1944, the Normandy landings—and so, perhaps, the Second World War II—would have ended differently. This is one of many lessons of The Mediterranean Air War, the first one-volume history of the vital role of airpower during the three-year struggle for control of the Mediterranean Basin in World War II—and of its significance for the Allied successes in the war's last two years. Airpower historian Robert S. Ehlers opens his account with an assessment of the pre-war Mediterranean theater, highlighting the ways in which the players' strategic choices, strengths, and shortcomings set the stage for and ultimately shaped the air campaigns over the Middle Sea. Beginning with the Italian invasion of Abyssinia, Ehlers reprises the developing international crisis—initially between Britain and Italy, and finally encompassing France, Germany, the US, other members of the British Commonwealth, and the Balkan countries. He then explores the Mediterranean air war in detail, with close attention to turning points, joint and combined operations, and the campaign's contribution to the larger Allied effort. In particular, his analysis shows how and why the success of Allied airpower in the Mediterranean laid the groundwork for combined-arms victories in the Middle East, the Indian Ocean area, North Africa, and the Atlantic, northwest Europe. Of grand-strategic importance from the days of Ancient Rome to the Great-Power rivalries of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, the Middle Sea was no less crucial to the Allied forces and their foes. Here, in the successful offensives in North Africa in 1942 and 1943, the US and the British learned to conduct a coalition air and combined-arms war. Here, in Sicily and Italy in 1943 and 1944, the Allies mastered the logistics of providing air support for huge naval landings and opened a vital second aerial front against the Third Reich, bombing critical oil and transportation targets with great effectiveness. The first full examination of the Mediterranean theater in these critical roles—as a strategic and tactical testing ground for the Allies and as a vital theater of operations in its own right—The Mediterranean Air War fills in a long-missing but vital dimension of the history of World War II.
The Mediterranean Air War: Airpower and Allied Victory in World War II (Modern War Studies (Hardcover)), by Robert S. Jr. Ehlers- Amazon Sales Rank: #504630 in Books
- Brand: Ehlers, Robert S., Jr.
- Published on: 2015-03-27
- Released on: 2015-02-25
- Original language: English
- Number of items: 1
- Dimensions: 9.36" h x 1.56" w x 6.98" l, .0 pounds
- Binding: Hardcover
- 536 pages
Review "Ehlers wields a sharp pen, sparing neither side from criticism. . . . A well-documented, detailed study of a heretofore neglected topic in a neglected theater."—Journal of Military History"Robert S. Ehlers Jr., is a rising star in the field of airpower history. . . . Most of the Axis’ difficulties resulted from poor strategic choices, a primary focus for Ehlers and a fine analytical structure around which to organize each chapter."—Military History Quarterly"Robert S. Ehlers has given us another important study of an underappreciated topic. His examination of air power in the Mediterranean theater in the Second World War is far more than a study of aviation in war: it is an analysis of the development and implementation of combined arms warfare, and the leverage it affords when done properly. The book is brimming with insights about command, control, leadership—indeed all the challenges posed by inter-operating military instruments in a theater of war. These insights are just as useful for contemporary practitioners and defense analysts as they are for students of history."—Tami Davis Biddle, author of Rhetoric and Reality in the Air Warfare: The Evolution of British and American Ideas about Strategic Bombing, 1914–1945 and Chair of Aerospace Studies, U.S. Army War College"Robert Ehlers has assembled a perceptive, skillful, and comprehensive account of the air dimension of World War II’s pivotal Mediterranean campaign."—Douglas Porch, author of The Path to Victory: The Mediterranean Theater in World War II
About the Author Robert S. Ehlers, Jr., professor of security studies at Angelo State University (San Angelo, Texas), is a retired colonel in the United States Air Force and formerly a professor of airpower history at the School of Advanced Air and Space Studies at Maxwell Air Force Base. He is the author of Targeting the Third Reich: Air Intelligence and the Allied Bombing Campaigns, also from Kansas, winner of the Air Force Historical Foundation's "Best Airpower History Book" award.
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9 of 9 people found the following review helpful. Excellent, thorough, and well-written history of the Mediterranean Air War By Koba This is a very well done history of the Mediterranean air war from the middle of 1940 through the end of the war. Naturally, the majority of the book concerns the struggle in the North African desert, but it also examines Sicily, the Italian campaign, the strategic bombing campaign based in Italy, and the Anglo-American air campaign in the Balkans.As one would expect, there is considerable discussion of air superiority and close air support. The book shows that the Allies made a determined effort to gain air superiority, and – quite surprisingly – the Germans did not. (The Germans were focused on air support to their ground troops, and generally engaged in air combat only as necessary to protect CAS aircraft.) Possibly surprising to some readers is the Allied emphasis on destroying enemy aircraft on the ground through air attacks on airfields at night as well as Special Air Service ground attacks, both of which destroyed many aircraft and caused significant casualties to ground crews. The loss of air superiority had devastating psychological effects on German forces and also played havoc with German logistics, as Allied aircraft could easily destroy soft-skinned vehicles. Regarding close air support, the author shows how the British started out very weak but improved over time, mainly in the realm of command-and-control. The British rejected dive bombers for close air support; they regarded the Stuka as vulnerable and the fighter-bomber as superior.I was quite impressed at how well the book covered “other” airpower functions than air superiority and close air support. The author looks at the "foundations" of air power - installations, maintenance and repair, reinforcement (i.e., how each side's aircraft got to the theater), and how each side moved the necessary supplies from rearward bases to forward airfields. These functions are under-appreciated, and it is very clear that the Allies were better at them than the Axis. This had a direct operational impact on the number of aircraft the belligerents were able to put into the air. The book also examines the air-sea campaign - after all, the Mediterranean was a "joint" theater. Again, the Allies were better at this than the Germans, and the Axis neglect of this function was a major lost opportunity. The author examines aerial intelligence, both photographic and electronic (radar).The author has a generally positive opinion of the strategic air campaign conducted from Italy. The Fifteenth Air Force could reach fighter factories in southern Germany, the Balkan oil fields, and the transportation network of southeastern Europe. He considers that the attacks on oil and transportation had a significant effect in reducing the Wehrmacht’s mobility and facilitating the advance of the Red Army. He argues that the Red Army offensive into Romania in April 1944 failed because the attacks on oil and transportation had not yet taken effect, whereas the Red Army offensive in the autumn of 1944 succeeded after the Allied air attacks had destroyed the German logistical system. The Fifteenth Air Force “assisted the Russian advance in crucial ways, helping to shorten the war and reduce the Grand Alliance’s casualties.”Ehlers agrees with other authors such as Douglas Porch that the Mediterranean Campaign was not a senseless diversion but played a vital role in Allied victory. Ehlers, of course, highlights the role of airpower in this campaign. From the standpoint of airpower, the Mediterranean Campaign was not peripheral but decisive. In the Mediterranean and due to the attacks of the Fifteenth Air Force, the Axis lost about 20,000 aircraft. In comparison, the Germans lost about 20,000 aircraft in the West and over the Reich, and 11,000 on the Eastern Front.The author makes many other interesting and insightful points that I won’t discuss here. In conclusion, this is an excellent, thorough, and well-written book that anyone who is interested in World War II will want to read.
1 of 1 people found the following review helpful. The Air War in a Neglected Theatre By A. A. Nofi A summary of the review on StrategyPage.Com'There have been a number of books on the air war in the Mediterranean theatre, but Prof. Ehler (Angelo State) gives us a very good overview of air operations from the Atlantic to the Indian Ocean over the entire war, and offers some excellent strategic analysis. To begin with, although still giving the British more attention than the Germans or Italians, Ehlers does a generally better job of looking at the Axis air effort, particularly that of the Luftwaffe. He gives the reader a good mix of the strategic, operational, and at times even tactical aspects of the campaign; taking pains to include the often complex logistical side and fitting the events within the framework of a global coalition war. He argues, rather effectively, that Axis, more specifically German, efforts in the theatre were ultimately frustrated by several strategic blunders, such as failing to take Malta, failing to fully exploit the capture of Crete, and even more importantly, postponing the Mediterranean effort to await the never realized victory in Russia. While Ehler may not settle the argument over the criticality of the Mediterranean in the war, he has certainly made an excellent case for the Middle Sea’s importance.'For the full review, see StrategyPage.Com
1 of 13 people found the following review helpful. Not maybe one STAR By ROSS WOOD Of all the military history publications I have read that mention the Fascist Italian Air Force that fought in the World War II Mediterranean Campaigns, be they Official Histories or historical accounts of these campaigns, be they British, South African, Italian, German or Australian, or first hand accounts from people who fought in these campaigns, all have referred to the Italian Air Force by its correct title throughout the narrative - the Regia Aeronautica. Not however this publication, using the initials IAF for the Regia Aeronautica. This is the only book I have read where the Regia Aeronautica is constantly referred to as the IAF.Also, the references to the British - I could not find, break up the Desert Air Force (1st Tactical Air Force), and the supporting bomber force into R.A.F., S.A.A.F., and R.A.A.F.. This was particularly evident in the brief account of the June - July 1941 fighting in the Levant.I feel this is an American book for an American audience
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